Preoperative preparation of reproductive age patients with genital prolapse (literature review)

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common condition affecting women of all ages. Undoubtedly, surgical treatment of symptomatic pelvic floor prolapse should combine reliable restoration of anatomical structures, pelvic floor functions and high efficiency in the long term. The recurrence rate of pelvic organ prolapse after surgical treatment is still high and can be up to 50%, while 30% of patients will require repeated surgical treatment. The reasons for the unsatisfactory result of surgical restoration of the pelvic floor are still unknown. Some authors are inclined to the hypothesis that the recurrence of POP occurs due to impaired tissue regeneration. It is necessary to use techniques aimed at improving regenerative activity in the perioperative period to improve the outcome of surgical inter ventions on the pelvic floor. The aim of the study. To analyze the methods of preoperative preparation of patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Study design. An analysis of evidence was conducted that was published in 2015-2025 in the electronic libraries Cochrane Library, PubMed, ELibrary, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, using the keywords pelvic organ prolapse / pelvic organ prolapse, preoperative preparation / preoperative preparation. Results of the study. Tissue regeneration includes several phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Impact on these phases helps to improve the outcomes of surgical treatment. Pelvic floor muscle training has not shown its effectiveness as a perioperative intervention. Local application of estrogens, often in combined forms, in postmenopausal women, according to the literature, shows good results as a preoperative preparation based on subjective data, histological examination and postoperative recurrence. Women of reproductive age should receive minimally invasive preoperative preparation aimed at improving the anatomical and functional result. Patients with severe tissue trophism (decubital ulcers) need complex multicomponent preparation for surgical treatment.

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