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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestomm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник охраны материнства и младенчества</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of maternal and child care</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-395X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ «НИИ ОММ» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69964/BMCC-2025-2-5-48-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestomm-89</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности соотношения полов плода при прогрессирующей и неразвивающейся беременности, наступившей в результате вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the fetal sex ratio in progressive and non-viable pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-6296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальгина</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malgina</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Борисовна Мальгина, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный врач РФ, ученый секретарь, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>отделение антенатальной охраны плода</p><p>620028; ул. Репина, д. 1; Екатеринбург</p><p>Тел.: +7 (343) 371-89-11; +7 (343) 371-08-78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina B. Malgina, MD, PhD, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, AcademicSecretary, Leading Researcher</p><p>Department of Antenatal Care</p><p>620028; st. Repina, 1; Ekaterinburg</p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 371-89-11; +7 (343) 371-08-78</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galinamalgina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5715-7514</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьякова</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretyakova</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Борисовна Третьякова, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>отделение биохимических методов исследования с группой генетики</p><p>620028; ул. Репина, д. 1; Екатеринбург</p><p>Телефон: +7 (343) 371-08-78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana B. Tretyakova, PhD, Senior Researcher</p><p>Scientific Department of Biochemistry with Genetics Group</p><p>620028; st. Repina, 1; Ekaterinburg</p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 371-08-78</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">TBTretyakova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0061-2907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матузкова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matuzkova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инга Валерьевна Матузкова, врач-генетик</p><p>620028; ул. Репина, д. 1; Екатеринбург</p><p>Телефон: +7 (343) 371-08-78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inga V. Matuzkova, geneticist</p><p>620028; st. Repina, 1; Ekaterinburg</p><p>Phone: +7 (343) 371-08-78</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ingamatuzkova2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Уральский научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и младенчества» Министерства Здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мальгина Г.Б., Третьякова Т.Б., Матузкова И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мальгина Г.Б., Третьякова Т.Б., Матузкова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malgina G.B., Tretyakova T.B., Matuzkova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikomm.ru/jour/article/view/89">https://www.vestnikomm.ru/jour/article/view/89</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение. Одним из важнейших показателей, отражающих различия в жизнеспособности организма и определяющим выживаемость популяции, является соотношение полов. Данный показатель является относительно стабильным для всей человеческой популяции и для отдельных регионов. Однако при проведении ВРТ существует определенный риск изменения соотношения полов при рождении, что может быть связано с особенностями технологий и рядом других причин. В связи с чем дискуссионным является вопрос о наличии различий гендерного соотношения при исходном бесплодии в браке в зависимости от способа зачатия: спонтанное зачатие или применение различных технологий ВРТ.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель исследования</title><p>   Цель исследования. Определить соотношение полов плода при беременности, наступившей в результате использования вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (ВРТ) в сравнении с естественным зачатием у супружеских пар с бесплодием.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ вторичного соотношения полов у пациенток с преодоленным бесплодием при использовании различных технологий ВРТ (ЭКО и ИКСИ) — основная группа (N = 1177) и спонтанно наступившей беременностью — группа сравнения (N = 376), а также результатов цитогенетического исследования абортивного материала пациенток с неразвивающейся беременностью после различных технологий ВРТ и самопроизвольной беременности.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Проведенные исследования показали, что вторичное соотношение полов у новорожденных не имеет значимых различий в зависимости от способа наступления беременности (самопроизвольная или традиционное ЭКО). Однако при индуцированной беременности с использованием ИКСИ имеет место тенденция к сдвигу соотношения в сторону женского пола, что обусловлено повышенной гибелью эмбрионов с мужским кариотипом на ранних сроках беременности. Очевидно эмбрионы женского пола, зачатые при данной технологии, являются более жизнеспособными при наличии у них нормального кариотипа.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Выявленные тенденции требуют дальнейшего изучения для более достоверной оценки различий в жизнеспособности организмов разного пола в различные периоды онтогенеза при индуцированной беременности с применением процедуры ИКСИ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. One of the most important indicators reflecting differences in the viability of an organism and determining the survival of a population is the sex ratio. This indicator is relatively stable for the entire human population and for individual regions. However, when performing ART, there is a certain risk of a change in the sex ratio at birth, which may be due to the peculiarities of technology and a number of other reasons. In this regard, the questionof whether there are differences in the gender ratio in the initial infertility in marriage, depending on the method of conception: spontaneous conception or the use of various ART technologies, is debatable.</p><p>   The aim of the study was to determine the sex ratio of the fetus during pregnancy resulting from the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in comparison with natural conception in couples with infertility.</p></sec><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective. To determine the sex ratio of the fetus during pregnancy resulting from the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in comparison with natural conception in couples with infertility.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. The analysis of the secondary sex ratio in patients with overcome infertility using various ART technologies (IVF and ICSI) — the main group (N=1177) and spontaneous pregnancy — the comparison group (N=376), as well as the results of cytogenetic studies of abortive material of patients with undeveloped pregnancy after various ART technologies and spontaneous pregnancy.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. The conducted studies have shown that the secondary sex ratio in newborns does not have significant differences depending on the method of pregnancy (spontaneous or traditional IVF). However, in induced pregnancy using ICSI, there is a tendency to shift the ratio towards the female sex, which is due to increased death of embryos with a male karyotype in the early stages of pregnancy. Obviously, female embryos conceived with this technology are more viable if they have a normal karyotype.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The identified trends require further study for a more reliable assessment of differences in the viability of organisms of different sexes in different periods of ontogenesis during induced pregnancy using the ICSI procedure.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>соотношение полов плода первичное и вторичное</kwd><kwd>бесплодие</kwd><kwd>вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии</kwd><kwd>неразвивающаяся беременность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>fetal sex ratio primary and secondary</kwd><kwd>infertility</kwd><kwd>assisted reproductive technologies</kwd><kwd>undeveloped pregnancy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии спонсорской поддержки при проведении исследования</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors declare that no funding was received for this study</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соотношение полов. 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