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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestomm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник охраны материнства и младенчества</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of maternal and child care</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-395X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ «НИИ ОММ» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69964/BMCC-2024-1-3-25-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestomm-49</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробиом беременности (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microbiome of pregnancy (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-4722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данькова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dankova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данькова Ирина Владимировна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения сохранения репродуктивной функции женщин, врач акушер-гинеколог</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p><p>Тел.: (343) 371-08-78, +79122877465</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Dankova — obstetrician-gynecologist, researcher of the Scientific Department of Reproductive Function Preservation</p><p>st. Repina, 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>Phone: (343) 371-08-78, +79122877465</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivdankova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8955-5085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерябина</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deryabina</surname><given-names>Elena G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дерябина Елена Геннадьевна — доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения антенатальной охраны плода, врач-эндокринолог</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena G. Deryabina — MD, PhD, Leading researcher of the Department of Antenatal Fetal Protection</p><p>st. Repina, 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">helen_mic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6853-7950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маликова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malikova</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маликова Мария Александровна — врач-ординатор акушер-гинеколог</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Malikova — resident obstetriciangynecologist</p><p>st. Repina, 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malikovamaria2000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Уральский научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и младенчества» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Данькова И.В., Дерябина Е.Г., Маликова М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данькова И.В., Дерябина Е.Г., Маликова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dankova I.V., Deryabina E.G., Malikova M.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikomm.ru/jour/article/view/49">https://www.vestnikomm.ru/jour/article/view/49</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Беременность представляет собой уникальный иммунологический и физиологический период, в течение которого микробные сообщества могут оказывать значительное влияние как на здоровье матери, так и на исход родов. Гормональные, иммунологические и метаболические изменения во время беременности влияют на микробиом и клинические результаты, потенциально сказываясь на благополучии матери и ребёнка.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Обобщение современных научных представлений о связи состава микробиоты матери при беременности и ее осложнениях, обсуждение возможности прогнозирования осложнений беременности с использованием микробиома.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Был проведён обзор литературы с использованием базы данных MEDLINE (PubMed) по состоянию на декабрь 2024 года с использованием ключевых слов и фильтра: рандомизированное контролируемое исследование, метаанализ, систематический обзор.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обширные исследования связывают доминирование определенных штаммов Lactobacillus с различными исходами беременности, при этом L. cripatus является наиболее благоприятным штаммом. Лишь существуя в нормальных симбиотических взаимоотношениях организм–микробиом, возможно поддержание гомеостаза. Любое смещение баланса в этой системе приводит к росту условно-патогенной флоры, что, в свою очередь, запускает каскад иммунологических, физиологических нарушений. ГСД, СПЯ, преждевременные роды — эти состояния — имеют особенности вагинального микробиоценоза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Подробное изучение микробиоты беременных и родильниц, процесса передачи микроорганизмов от матери к ребенку даст нам возможность выявления предикторов патологических процессов в периоде беременности, раннем и позднем послеродовом периодах, периоде новорожденности, а также послужит субстратом для выявления групп риска и создания алгоритмов обследования, предотвращения инфекционно-воспалительных осложнений у беременных, родильниц и новорожденных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Pregnancy represents a unique immunological and physiological period during which microbial communities can have a significant impact on both maternal health and birth outcomes. Hormonal, immunological, and metabolic changes during pregnancy influence the microbiome and clinical outcomes, potentially impacting the well-being of both mother and child.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: generalization of modern scientific concepts about the relationship between the composition of the mother’s microbiota during pregnancy and its complications, discussion of the possibility of predicting pregnancy complications using the microbiome.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. An extensive literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE (PubMed) database as of December 2024 with the following keywords and filter: randomized controlled trial, meta-analysis, systematic review.</p></sec><sec><title>Research results</title><p>Research results: Extensive research links the dominance of certain Lactobacillus strains to different pregnancy outcomes, with L. cripatus being the most favorable strain. Only by existing in a normal symbiotic relationship between the organism and the microbiome is it possible to maintain homeostasis. Any shift in the balance in this system leads to the growth of opportunistic flora, which in turn triggers a cascade of immunological and physiological disorders. GDM, PCOS, premature birth — these conditions have features of the vaginal microbiocenosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The microbiome composition of the female reproductive tract and intestine is dynamic during pregnancy and is influenced by a number of factors. More evidence suggests that dysbiosis is associated with various adverse pregnancy outcomes. Knowledge of the microbiome composition has the potential to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, develop targeted interventions, and reduce the risk of perinatal complications.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>лактобактерии</kwd><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>lactobacilli</kwd><kwd>preterm birth</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilmanski T, Diener C, Rappaport N, Patwardhan S, Wiedrick J, Lapidus J, et al. Gut microbiome pattern reflects healthy ageing and predicts survival in humans. Nat Metab. 2021; 3(2):274-286. 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