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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestomm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник охраны материнства и младенчества</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of maternal and child care</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-395X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБУ «НИИ ОММ» Минздрава России</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.69964/BMCC-2024-1-1-108-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestomm-14</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль факторов микроокружения преовуляторного ооцита в патогенезе «бедного» ответа яичников в программах экстракорпорального оплодотворения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of microenvironmental factors in the pre-ovulatory oocyte in the pathogenesis of “poor” ovarian response to in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-6663</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джалилова</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhalilova</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джалилова Эльмира Рафиковна — врач акушер-гинеколог отделения вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий, аспирант ФГБУ «Уральский НИИ ОММ» МЗ РФ.</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>El’mira R. Dzhalilova — Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>Repina st., 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vip.dzhalilova2017@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5746-316X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Башмакова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bashmakova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Башмакова Надежда Васильевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор.</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda V. Bashmakova — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>Repina st., 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bashmakovanv@niiomm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4090-0578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газиева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazieva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Газиева Ирина Александровна — доктор биологических наук.</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Gazieva — Doctor of Biological Sciences., Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Re- search Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>Repina st., 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irgaz@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0852-6766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чистякова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chistyakova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чистякова Гузель Нуховна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ.</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzel N. Chistyakova — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>Repina st., 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">7@niiomm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-7932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пестряева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pestryaeva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пестряева Людмила Анатольевна — кандидат медицинских наук.</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila A. Pestryaeva — PhD, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.</p><p>Repina st., 1, Ekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pestryaval@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Уральский научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и младенчества» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “Ural Research Institute of Maternity and Child Care” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Джалилова Э.Р., Башмакова Н.В., Газиева И.А., Чистякова Г.Н., Пестряева Л.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Джалилова Э.Р., Башмакова Н.В., Газиева И.А., Чистякова Г.Н., Пестряева Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dzhalilova E.R., Bashmakova N.V., Gazieva I.A., Chistyakova G.N., Pestryaeva L.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikomm.ru/jour/article/view/14">https://www.vestnikomm.ru/jour/article/view/14</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. «Бедный» овариальный ответ на контролируемую овариальную стимуляцию в циклах ЭКО зависит, среди прочих факторов, от биохимического состава микроокружения фолликула. Современные исследования подчеркивают взаимосвязь между содержанием регуляторов сосудистого тонуса и ангиогенеза, с оксидативным стрессом и качеством зрелых ооцитов. Однако в литературе отсутствует единое мнение о влиянии регуляторов сосудистого тонуса и ангиогенных факторов на фолликулогенез и их роли в патогенезе «бедного» ответа яичников.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить содержание биохимических факторов и регуляторов сосудистого тонуса и ангиогенеза в фолликулярной жидкости у пациенток с «бедным» ответом яичников на стимуляцию в программах ЭКО в сравнении с аналогичными показателями у женщин, характеризующихся нормальным овариальным ответом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено открытое проспективное когортное сравнительное исследование, в котором приняли участие 56 пациенток, включенных в программу ЭКО. Критерием когортного разделения женщин являлся ответ яичников на контролируемую стимуляцию овуляции в рамках цикла ЭКО. Пациентки с «бедным» ответом яичников (n=32) были отнесены к основной группе, с нормальным ответом яичников (n=24) — к группе сравнения. Образцы фолликулярной жидкости пациенток из основной группы были разделены на две подгруппы в зависимости от наличия ооцит-кумулюсного комплекса внутри фолликула. Был проведен анализ биохимических и растворимых регуляторных факторов фолликулярной жидкости пациенток с «бедным» ответом яичников и с нормальным ответом яичников после завершения контролируемой овариальной стимуляции. Статистический анализ данных проводился с использованием методов вариационной статистики. Критический уровень значимости различий: p ≤0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Уровни мочевины, глюкозы, ЛПВП, TAOS в фолликулярной жидкости (ФЖ) без ооцит-кумулюсного комплекса (ОКК) у пациенток с «бедным» ответом яичников были статистически значимо выше, чем в ФЖ пациенток из группы сравнения. Уровни билирубина, ЛГД и мочевой кислоты в ФЖ без ОКК женщин из основной группы — статистически значимо ниже по сравнению с аналогичными показателями в группе сравнения, p&lt;0,05. Показатели VEGF-A, VEGFR-2 в ФЖ без ОКК пациенток с «бедным» ответом были статистически значимо ниже, чем у пациенток с нормальным ответом яичников, в то время как уровень NO2 эндогенного в ФЖ без ОКК у пациенток с «бедным» ответом был статистически значимо выше, чем в группе сравнения, p&lt;0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Отсутствие ооцит-кумулюсного комплекса в преовуляторном фолликуле при «бедном» ответе яичников на стимуляцию ассоциируется с нарушением процессов васкуляризации, установленным на основании снижения про- и противоангиогенных факторов (VEGF-A, VEGFR-2).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The “poor” response to ovarian stimulation during IVF (in vitro fertilization) cycles depends on various factors, including the biochemical composition of the follicle microenvironment. Recent studies have focused on the relationship between vascular tone regulators, angiogenic factors, oxidative stress, and the quality of oocytes. Despite this, there is still no consensus on the exact eﬀect of these factors on folliculogenesis or their role in “poor” responses.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the content of biochemical factors and regulators of vascular tone and angiogenesis in follicular fluid in patients with a “poor” ovarian response to stimulation in IVF programs, compared to similar indicators in women with a normal ovarian response.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. An open prospective cohort study was conducted, including 56 patients who were part of the IVF program. The criterion for separating the cohort of women was their response to controlled ovarian stimulation during the IVF cycle. Women with a “poor” response (n=32) were placed in the main group, while those with a normal response (n=24) were in the comparison group. Follicular fluid samples from women with a “poor” response were divided into two subgroups based on the presence or absence of an oocyte-cumulus complex in the follicle. The biochemical and soluble regulatory factors in follicular fluid were analyzed in both groups after controlled ovarian stimulation was completed. Statistical analysis of the data was done using methods from variation statistics. A critical level of significance for the diﬀerences was set at p ≤0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>Result. The levels of urea, glucose, high-density lipoprotein, and total antioxidant status (TAOS) in follicular fluid (FF) from patients with a “poor” ovarian response were statistically significantly higher compared to those in the control group. The levels of bilirubin, low-density lipoprotein, and uric acid were also significantly lower in VF from patients in the main group compared to the control group, p&lt;0.05. The indices of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and vascular endothelial growth receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in FF from women with a “poor” response were significantly lower than those from patients with a normal response, while the levels of endogenous nitric oxide were significantly higher in the former group compared to the latter, p&lt;0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The absence of an oocyte-cumulus complex in the pre-ovulatory follicle, which is associated with a “poor” response of the ovary to stimulation, is likely due to a disruption in vascularization processes. This is supported by a decrease in the levels of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, such as VEGF-A and VEGFR-2.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>овариальный резерв</kwd><kwd>фолликулярная жидкость</kwd><kwd>ооцит</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>нитрооксидативный стресс</kwd><kwd>оксид азота</kwd><kwd>васкулоэндотелиальный фактор роста</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ovarian reserve</kwd><kwd>follicular fluid</kwd><kwd>oocyte</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>nitro-oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>nitric oxide</kwd><kwd>vascular endothelial growth factor</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бурдули А.Г., Кициловская Н.А., Сухова Ю.В., Ведихина И.А., Иванец Т.Ю., Чаговец В.В., Стародубцева Н.Л., Франкевич В.Е. Фолликулярная жидкость и исходы программ вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (обзор литературы). 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